γ- Linolenic acid( γ- Linolenic acid (GLA) is naturally present in plants and microorganisms. Currently, it is known that there are over 80 higher plant seeds worldwide that contain GLA, such as those in the family Salicorniaceae, the family Saxifragaceae, the genus Scrophularia, the genus Ranunculus, the genus Acer, and the family Verbenaceae. There are about 32 plants with GLA content exceeding 5%.
01
γ- The chemical structure and physicochemical properties of linolenic acid
γ- Linoleic acid is a new fatty acid discovered from the seed oil of evening primrose, belonging to the all cis polyunsaturated fatty acid category α- Isomers of linolenic acid. The chemical name is 6,9,12-octadecotrienic acid, the molecular formula is C18H30O2, the molecular weight is 278, and the CAS number is 506 * --26-3. GLA is a colorless oily liquid that is insoluble in water but easily soluble in non-polar solvents such as ether. Unstable in the air, especially under high temperature conditions, it is highly prone to oxidation. Under alkaline conditions, it is prone to undergo isomerization reactions of double bond positions, forming conjugated polyenoic acids.
02
γ- The physiological functions and effects of linolenic acid
2.1 Sterilization and anti-inflammatory effects: GLA has inhibitory effects on various Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. GLA inhibits bacterial growth by increasing peroxidation levels and altering membrane permeability, and can be used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases related to oxidative stress, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, nephritis, bronchial asthma, and coronary artery disease. 2.2 After converting GLA into AA in the body, it can enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce fat production, and increase fat oxidation. GLA can reduce the rebound after weight loss in the population and maintain it for a longer time. GLA can inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane (TXA) synthesis in the body. GLA can directly produce prostaglandins to inhibit platelet aggregation, and in addition, it can be derived into DGLA to reduce AA production, inhibit platelet TXA synthase activity, adjust the ratio of TXA to prostaglandins to improve vascular conditions. 2.3 Other GLAs can enhance human immune function, inhibit gastric ulcers and bleeding, alleviate menopausal syndrome, and alleviate the severity of dermatitis. It can be used to treat various diseases such as schizophrenia, psoriasis, menstrual syndrome in women, periodic breast pain, Huntington's dance, phenylketonuria, Parkinson's disease, asthma, eczema, hyperparathyroidism, etc.
03
Common consumption methods and recommended intake levels
3.1 Common usage methods 3.1.1 Food can be used as a food additive or as a nutritional supplement. Long term use can correct lipid metabolism disorders and enhance the body's immune system. γ- Linoleic acid can be used to mix milk powder, vegetable oil, and beverages, with a dosage of 20-50g/kg. 3.1.2 Health foods in the United States, Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, etc. are rich in γ- Linoleic acid evening primrose oil is used as a health supplement. 3.1.3 Others are used as drugs, and evening primrose capsule is used as a lipid-lowering drug in clinic to treat hypertension, cerebral thrombosis, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, atopic eczema and breast diseases. As a cosmetic product, a small amount can be absorbed through the skin to produce an effect. From the phospholipids in the blood circulation to the cell wall, it can delay skin aging and react with kojic acid to produce kojic acid monolinolenic acid ester. It can be used as an inhibitor of tyrosinase, has an anti pigmentation effect, and can be an effective ingredient in whitening cosmetics. It can also be used in the form of ointments for anti pigmentation. 3.2 Recommended intake FAO/WHO recommends that the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids should be 6%~11% E, and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids represented by LA should be 2.5%~9% E. EAR is 2% E. According to the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of the Chinese Nutrition Society, infants are given 100mg/kg per day; Adults have a daily dose of 36mg/kg.
04
Other
γ- Linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is prone to oxidation, so attention should be paid to avoiding light, air, high temperature, and the mixing of metal ions during storage. Oxidized γ- Linoleic acid has a stimulating effect on the digestive organs of animals, causing inflammation of the intestines, damage to the stomach and intestinal mucosa, and even ulceration. Severe oxidation of GLA reduces the physical fitness of rats, and even leads to death. Therefore, it is important to ensure adequate intake γ- Linoleic acid is fresh and can also be added with certain antioxidants such as Vitamin E. γ- Linolenic acid has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, improving diabetes and diabetes neuropathy effects. No safety research data found γ- Toxic effects of linolenic acid. γ- The typical product of linolenic acid is evening primrose oil, which has been evaluated or approved for use in multiple countries. γ- Linoleic acid is also included in the list of GB14880 in China.
Shaanxi Huike Botanical Development Co., Ltd. a integrated enterprise which is focus on natural products, plant extract related products and services.We mainly focus on pharmaceutical, functional food, Freeze-dried powder,Natural Pigment,Homology of medicine and food,beverages and other business services.
For more information about inulin, please contact us!
Email:marketing@huikes.com
2024-04-19
Shaanxi Huike Botanical Development Co., Ltd.
